Footnotes

• Twitter @James_Ashton, @johanne_brooks, @samiHoque2, @DrNickKennedy, @anjan_dhar6

• Contributors JA conceived the article with SS and JB-W. JA wrote the article with help from all authors. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript prior to submission.

• Funding JA is funded by an NIHR clinical lectureship.

• Competing interests JB-W holds research grants from AbbVie, and has received speaker fees from Dr Falk Pharma. JA no COI to declare. AD Advisory and consultancy for Pfizer UK, Tillotts Pharma UK, Dr Falk Pharma, Pharmacosmos, Takeda UK, Honoraria and Speaker Fees from Dr Falk Pharma, Pfizer, Janssen, Tillotts Pharma, Pharmacosmos, Takeda UK. PBA received research grants from Pfizer and speaker fees from Takaeda, AbbVie, GSK, Janssen, MSD and Tillotts. TCT no COI to declare. SH no COI to declare. SS holds research grants from Biogen, Takeda, AbbVie, TillottsPharma, Ferring and Biohit; served on the advisory boards of Takeda,AbbVie, Merck, Ferring, Pharmacocosmos, Warner Chilcott, Janssen, Falk Pharma, Biohit, TriGenix, Celgene and Tillots Pharma; and has received speaker fees from AbbVie, Biogen, AbbVie, Janssen, Merck,Warner Chilcott and Falk Pharma. NAK has served as a speaker and/or advisory board member for AbbVie, Allergan, BMS, Falk, Ferring, Janssen, Mylan, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda and Tillotts. He is the director of a company that handles central reading of endoscopy. His department has received research funding from AbbVie, Biogen, Celgene, Celtrion, Galapagos, MSD, Napp, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Roche and Takeda.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

• © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.