Table 1

Percentage of stores stocking gluten-free (GF) foods and median number of GF products available in each store

SupermarketsConvenienceHealth foodOnline
Gluten free food categoriesPremium%* Regular%* Budget%* Stores3 %* stores%* stores%*
All bread loaves12.0
(10.8–12.5)† ‡ 		1007.0
(5.5–8.3)† § 		1000.0
(0.0–0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		02.0
(0.0–2.0)‡ § ‡‡ 		6013.5
(7.3–16.8) ‡‡ 		100
White bread loaf4.0
(3.8–4.0)‡ 		1003.5
(3.0–4.0)§ 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		01.0
(0.0–1.0)‡ § ‡‡ 		605.0
(3.8–8.3) ‡‡ 		100
Brown bread loaf8.0
(7.0–8.5)† ‡ 		1003.5
(2.5–4.5)† § 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		01.0
(0.0–1.0)‡ § ‡‡ 		607.5
(3.5–10.3)e f 		100
White Bread rolls1.0
(1.0–1.0)‡ §§ 		1001.0
(1.0–2.0)§ 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		00.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		01.0
(0.0–1.0)‡ § ‡‡ 		603.0
(1.0–5.0)§§ ‡‡ 		100
Brown bread rolls1.0
(1.0-1.0)§§ 		901.0
(1.0–1.0)§ 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		00.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		01.0
(0.0–1.0)§ ‡‡ 		601.0
(1.0–3.0)§§ ‡‡ 		100
Flaked breakfast cereal2.0
(0.8–3.0)‡ §§ 		804.0
(1.0–5.5)§ 		1000.0
(0.0–0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		01.0
(1.0–1.8) ‡‡ 		1008.0
(3.8-12.5)§§ ‡‡ 		100
Cereal bars3.0
(0.0–6.0) † §§ 		507.5
(4.0–13.5)† § 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		07.5
(0.0–9.3)		7014.5
(3.5-65.8)§§ 		90
Pasta3.5
(2.0-4.0)§§ 		1004.5
(3.0–6.0) 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		04.0
(3.8-8.0)‡‡ 		10015.5
(12.0–68.0)§§ ‡‡ 		100
Plain flour1.0
(1.0–1.0)† §§ 		1002.0
(1.8–3.0)† 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		00.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		00.5
(0.0–2.8)		502.5
(2.0-3.3)§§ 		100
Crackers/crispbreads8.5
(6.5–13.0)		10011.5
(9.5–14.3)		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		011.5
(7.8–13.3)		10027.0
(9.3–56.5)		100
Sweet biscuits7.0
(4.0–13.0)† §§ 		10016.0
(11.5–25.0)† 		1000.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		09.0
(0.0–10.3)§ ‡‡ 		7026.5
(14.5-53.5)§§ ‡‡ 		100
Whole sponge cake1.5
(0.0–4.0)‡ 		502.5
(2.0–4.0)§ 		1000.0
(0.0–0.0)¶¶ 		00.0
(0.0–0.0)¶¶ 		00.0
(0.0–0.0)‡ § ‡‡ 		101.0
(0.0–2.0) ‡‡ 		70
Sandwich/wrap0.0
(0.0–0.0)		00.0
(0.0–0.3)		200.0
(0.0–0.0)		00.0
(0.0–0.0)		00.0
(0.0–0.0)		00.0
(0.0–0.0)		0
GF Oats1.5
(1.0-2.0)§§ 		1000.5
(0.0–2.0) 		500.0
(0.0-0.0)** 		100.0
(0.0-0.0)†† 		00.5
(0.0-2.3)‡‡ 		503.0
(2.5–14.3)§§ ‡‡ 		90

  • Values presented as median number of GF products available within each store type (and IQR),

  • ↵*percentage of stores stocking the GF food item. Data is non-parametric; Kruskal-Wallis analysis undertaken to determine difference between store types; a significant difference between groups was observed for all food categories (P<0.05), except sandwich/wrap category. Mann Whitney tests were utilised to compare difference between store types. Significant difference (P<0.05) between

  • ↵†premium and regular supermarkets,

  • ↵‡premium and health food stores,

  • ↵§regular supermarkets and health food stores,

  • ↵¶regular supermarkets and online stores,

  • ↵**Significant difference between budget supermarkets and health food stores, premium, regular supermarkets and online stores.

  • ↵††Significant difference between convenience stores and health food stores, premium and regular supermarkets and online stores.

  • ↵‡‡health food stores and online stores.

  • ↵§§premium and online stores,

  • ↵¶¶Significant difference between budget supermarkets and convenience stores with premium and regular supermarkets and online stores.