Currently licensed JAK inhibitors for inflammatory bowel disease
| Tofacitinib (Xeljanz) | Filgotinib (Jyseleca) | Upadacitinib (Rinvoq) | |
| Manufacturer | Pfizer | Gálapagos | AbbVie |
| Selectivity | JAK3>JAK2 >JAK1 | JAK1>JAK2 >JAK3 and TYK2 | JAK1>JAK2 and JAK3 |
| Ulcerative colitis | MHRA/FDA/EMA licensed NICE approved | MHRA/EMA licensed NICE approved | MHRA/FDA/EMA licensed NICE approved |
| Crohn’s disease | Unlicensed | Unlicensed | MHRA licensed NICE approved |
| Induction dose | 10 mg bd for 8–16 weeks | 200 mg od for 10–22 weeks | 45 mg od for 8–16 weeks for UC 45 mg od for 12 weeks for CD |
| Maintenance dose | 5 mg–10mg bd | 200 mg od | 15–30 mg od |
| Drug half life | 3 hours | 7 hours | 9–14 hours |
| Metabolism | 65% Hepati c(CYP3A4 and CYP2C19) | Intestinal (CES2 (primarily)] and Hepatic (CES1) | 34% Hepatic(CYP3A4 and CYP2D6) |
| Liver disease | Avoid Child-Pugh C | Avoid Child-Pugh C | Avoid Child-Pugh C |
| Renal disease | ↓ dose if CC<30 mL/min | ↓ dose if CC<60 mL/min | ↓ dose if CC<30 mL/min |
| Concomitant IMM studied | Not studied for IBD | Thiopurine and methotrexate | Methotrexate |
| Additional indications | RA, PsA, AS, JIA | RA | RA, PsA, AS, AD |
AD, atopic dermatitis; AS, ankylosing spondylitis; bd, two times per day; CC, creatinine clearance; CES, carboxylesterase; CYP, cytochrome P450; EMA, European Medicines Agency; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; IMM, immunomodulator; JAK, Janus kinase; JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; MHRA, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency; NICE, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; od, once daily; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.