Comparison of potential protective and risk factors in patients with PSI who developed late biliary sequelae with those who did not
| Factor | Biliary sequelae (n=25) | No biliary sequelae (n=77) | Difference | Possible effect |
| Age (years: median and IQR) | 81 (75–87) | 84 (78–90) | NS | |
| History of cholecystectomy before index ERCP | 5 (20%) | 5 (6%) | Χ2=3.89 (p<0.05) | Increased risk |
| Patent cystic duct with gallbladder in situ | 2 (11%) | 21 (30%) | Χ2=2.56 (p=0.12) | Protective |
| Balloon extension sphincteroplasty performed | 4 (16%) | 26 (34%) | Χ2=2.86 (p=0.09) | Protective |
| Periampullary diverticulum present | 10 (40%) | 15 (19%) | Χ2=4.29 (p<0.05) | Increased risk |
| Alive in January 2023 | 5 (20%) | 19 (25%) | NS |
ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; PSI, permanent stent insertion.