Phenotype at initiation
| All patients (n=93) | |
| Male sex | 51 (55%) |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 36 (26–49) |
| Disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 12 (6–16) |
| Smoking status | |
| Never | 72 (77%) |
| Current | 10 (11%) |
| Previous IBD-related luminal surgery | 29 (31%) |
| Age at diagnosis | |
| ≤16 years (A1) | 23 (25%) |
| 17–40 years (A2) | 57 (61%) |
| >40 years (A3) | 13 (13%) |
| Disease location | |
| Ileal (L1) | 15 (16%) |
| Colon (L2) | 35 (38%) |
| Ileocolonic (L3) | 43 (46%) |
| Upper gastrointestinal involvement (L4) | 24 (26%) |
| Disease behaviour | |
| Non-stricturing, non-penetrating (B1) | 54 (58%) |
| Stricturing (B2) | 26 (28%) |
| Penetrating (B3) | 13 (14%) |
| Perianal disease (p) | 24 (26%) |
| Extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) | |
| Total number of patients with EIMs | 50 (54%) |
| Enteropathic arthritis | 24 (26%) |
| Dermatological | 11 (12%) |
| Oral | 8 (9%) |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 4 (7%) |
| Ocular | 3 (3%) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Total number of patients with comorbidities | 37 (40%) |
| Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases | 13 (14%) |
| Metabolic syndrome/obesity/dyslipidaemia | 11 (12%) |
| Respiratory | 10 (11%) |
| Cardiac/vascular | 6 (6%) |
| Renal | 4 (4%) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 3 (4%) |
| Other | 14 (15%) |
| Prior advanced therapy class exposure* | |
| Anti-TNF | 91 (98%) |
| IL-12/23 and IL-23 inhibitors | 71 (76%) |
| Anti-integrin | 49 (53%) |
| JAK inhibitor | 11 (12%) |
| Calcineurin inhibitor | 2 (2%) |
| Upadacitinib induction dose | |
| 45 mg | 92 (99%) |
| 15 mg† | 1 (1%) |
| Corticosteroid use during induction | 32 (34%) |
| Baseline disease severity | |
| Median HBI (n=37)‡ | 8 (5–11) |
| Median CRP, mg/L (n=62) | 10 (3–30) |
| Median albumin, g/L (n=62) | 35 (32–40) |
| Median FCAL, µg/g (n=50) | 615 (211–1229) |
*Prior drug exposure listed in online supplemental table 4.
†13 patients had a stoma, therefore, HBI could not be calculated.
‡Induction dose of 15 mg due to stage 4 chronic kidney disease.
Anti-TNF, anti-tumour necrosis factor; CD, Crohn’s disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; EIM, extraintestinal manifestations; FCAL, faecal calprotectin; HBI, Harvey-Bradshaw Index; IL, interleukin; JAK, Janus kinase.