Cell Host & Microbe
Volume 17, Issue 2, 11 February 2015, Pages 260-273
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The Dynamics of the Human Infant Gut Microbiome in Development and in Progression toward Type 1 Diabetes

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2015.01.001Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Gut microbial metabolic pathways but not taxonomies are stable throughout infancy

  • Strain composition of high-abundance species remains constant throughout infancy

  • Decreased community diversity occurs after seroconversion but before onset of T1D

  • T1D onset is preceded by increased inflammation-associated organisms and pathways

Summary

Colonization of the fetal and infant gut microbiome results in dynamic changes in diversity, which can impact disease susceptibility. To examine the relationship between human gut microbiome dynamics throughout infancy and type 1 diabetes (T1D), we examined a cohort of 33 infants genetically predisposed to T1D. Modeling trajectories of microbial abundances through infancy revealed a subset of microbial relationships shared across most subjects. Although strain composition of a given species was highly variable between individuals, it was stable within individuals throughout infancy. Metabolic composition and metabolic pathway abundance remained constant across time. A marked drop in alpha-diversity was observed in T1D progressors in the time window between seroconversion and T1D diagnosis, accompanied by spikes in inflammation-favoring organisms, gene functions, and serum and stool metabolites. This work identifies trends in the development of the human infant gut microbiome along with specific alterations that precede T1D onset and distinguish T1D progressors from nonprogressors.

Cited by (0)

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Mikael Knip, Katriina Koski, Matti Koski, Taina Härkönen, Samppa Ryhänen, Heli Siljander, AnuMaaria Hämäläinen, Anne Ormisson, Aleksandr Peet, Vallo Tillmann, Valentina Ulich, Elena Kuzmicheva, Sergei Mokurov, Svetlana Markova, Svetlana Pylova, Marina Isakova, Elena Shakurova, Vladimir Petrov, Natalya V. Dorshakova, Tatyana Karapetyan, Tatyana Varlamova, Jorma Ilonen, Minna Kiviniemi, Kristi Alnek, Helis Janson, Raivo Uibo, Tiit Salum, Erika von Mutius, Juliane Weber, Helena Ahlfors, Henna Kallionpää, Essi Laajala, Riitta Lahesmaa, Harri Lähdesmäki, Robert Moulder, Viveka Öling, Janne Nieminen, Terhi Ruohtula, Outi Vaarala, Hanna Honkanen, Heikki Hyöty, Anita Kondrashova, Sami Oikarinen, Hermie J.M. Harmsen, Marcus C. De Goffau, Gjal Welling, Kirsi Alahuhta, Tuuli Korhonen, Suvi M. Virtanen, and Taina Öhman.

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Co-senior author