EditorialConfocal microscopy from the bench to the bedside
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Cited by (30)
Confocal laser endomicroscopy
2014, Gastrointestinal EndoscopyCitation Excerpt :Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an endoscopic modality developed to obtain very high magnification and resolution images of the mucosal layer of the GI tract. CLE is based on tissue illumination with a low-power laser with subsequent detection of the fluorescence of light reflected from the tissue through a pinhole (Fig. 1).1 The term confocal refers to the alignment of both illumination and collection systems in the same focal plane.2,3
Advanced endoscopic imaging: A review of commercially available technologies
2014, Clinical Gastroenterology and HepatologyCitation Excerpt :Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) provides high-resolution microscopic images at subcellular resolution (Figure 5). The term confocal refers to the alignment of both the illumination and collection systems in the same focal plane.55 Laser light is focused through a pinhole at the selected depth via the same lens.
Advanced endoscopic imaging for gastric cancer assessment: New insights with new optics?
2014, Best Practice and Research: Clinical GastroenterologyCitation Excerpt :Further studies are needed to assess the accuracy of i-Scan for precancerous and intestinal-type cancer lesions The term confocal refers to the alignment of both the illumination and collection systems in the same focal plane [63]. The laser light is reflected from the tissue and refocused onto the detection system by the same lens; therefore, only the returning light that is refocused through the pinhole is detected, providing high-resolution images [64].
Integrated optical tools for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment at gastrointestinal endoscopy
2011, Robotics and Computer-Integrated ManufacturingCitation Excerpt :Indeed, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is receiving increasing interest and adoption by advanced centers as an endoscopic modality for obtaining very high-resolution magnified images within the mucosal layer of the GI tract. The CLE technology is based on tissue illumination with a low-power laser followed by detection and creation of an optically sectioned image by rejecting out-of-focus fluorescent light using variations of the scanning “pinhole” principle [38,39]. Because CLE detects fluorescence and because endogenous tissue autofluorescence is low, use of a fluorophore-containing contrast agent, administered either locally or intravenously, is required to generate high-quality images that are comparable with traditional histologic examination [40,41].
Confocal laser endomicroscopy
2009, Gastrointestinal EndoscopyCitation Excerpt :Increased depth of penetration is also needed to assess depth of invasion during cancer staging.7,18 Development of organ- and tissue-specific contrast agents will further expand the indications for confocal endomicroscopy, which can potentially be used to assess extraluminal (eg, biliary, pancreatic, intraperitoneal) pathology.1 Confocal endomicroscopy is an examiner-dependent technology.
Detection and surveillance of gastric cancer precursors: evolving guidelines and technologies
2023, Annals of Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Surgery