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Oesophagus and stomach
Curriculum based clinical review
Curriculum review : investigation and management of dysphagia
  1. Gaurav B Nigam1,2,
  2. Dipesh Harshvadan Vasant3,4,
  3. Anjan Dhar5,6
  1. 1 Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
  2. 2 National Institute of Health Research, Oxford, UK
  3. 3 Neurogastroenterology Unit, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
  4. 4 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
  5. 5 Gastroenterology, Darlington Memorial Hospital, Darlington, UK
  6. 6 School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesborough, UK
  1. Correspondence to Dr Gaurav B Nigam, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK; gaurav.nigam{at}nhs.net

Abstract

Dysphagia is a common presentation in gastroenterology practice and the diagnosis and management requires a comprehensive knowledge of diverse range of aetiologies, with a systematic approach for assessment of symptoms, selection of investigations and appropriate treatment to relieve symptoms. In this curriculum review, the suggested diagnostic approach highlights the importance of thorough clinical assessment in order to guide the selection of investigations. This article discusses the utility of endoscopic, histopathology, fluoroscopic and motility investigations for dysphagia, and their interpretation, in order to guide targeted treatments ranging from dietary, pharmacological, endoscopic and surgical interventions.

  • dysphagia
  • manometry
  • gastrointesinal endoscopy

https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2021-101917

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @drgauravbnigam, @DipeshVasant, @anjan_dhar6

    • Contributors GBN contributed to manuscript planning, writing, tables and flowcharts, editing; question writing, submission and responsible for overall content. DHV contributed to manuscript planning, reviewing and editing; provision of original images, responsible for overall content. AD contributed to manuscript planning, reviewing and editing, responsible for overall content.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.

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